Treatments
Common treatments for stroke
The stroke treatments are based on the different classifications of stroke.
Generally speaking, stroke can be classified into to two types, including hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke.
Hemorrhagic stroke are divided into cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patients usually have got sclerosis in the brain blood vessels, or damages in the walls of brain blood vessels. As the blood pressure elevates, the blood vessels in the brain are easy to be broke and the hemorrhage occurs. In winter the vessel convulsion and higher blood pressure are much common than in summer, as a result the hemorrhagic stroke is easy to onset. The treatment for this type of stroke is as following:
For the patients whose amount of hemorrhage is over 30 ml, or presenting hemiplegia or coma: it is necessary to clear the blood hematoma at the early stage of operation. It will help to save patient’s life and avoid complication and sequlae.
For the patients who have taken an operation or need not to take operation, the following should be assured:
1. Keep rest in bed: avoid moving them and take treatment in the nearest clinic. Check their blood pressure, palpation, breath and consciousness at fixed time.
2. Assure the respiratory tract is unobstructed: loosen the collar, and take off the artificial teeth. It is reasonable to lie on the side to let the oral secretion flow out and make sure the tongue will not curl back. To those who have sufficient respiratory secretion and phlegm, tracheotomy can be considered if necessary.
3. Guarantee the nutrition supply and the water-electrolyte balance: for those who are conscious and without vomit, liquid diet can be taken; for those who are unconscious, nasal feeding can be adopted after 3-5 days of patients’ stable condition; for those vomit, feeding should not be considered, instead supplying nutrition by intravenous injection should be adopted to maintain the water-electrolyte balance.
4. Treat hydrocephalus to reduce the intracranial pressure: usually 20% mannitol and 25% sorbic alcohol or glycerol preparation are adopted. For those who are in the acute stage intravenous medication should be applied so as to avoid vomit, gastrointestinal bleeding, and other complications such as pneumonia.
5. Mediate the blood pressure: the blood pressure should be maintained at about 150/90 mmHg, and the blood pressure should not decline too low or fast.
6. Prevent from complications: for those who stay in coma, pulmonary infection should be paid more attention, turn over frequently to avoid bedsore and arthrocleisis; for those who are in severe condition, antibiotics should be applied t prevent from pneumonia. If there is infection, antibiotics should be applied. Pay attention to the patient’s oral hygiene, take out the oral secretion and vomitus, and change the body position at regular time, and so on.
7. Use the hemostatics: eg. Cyclonamine, Aminocaproic Acid, Aprotinin, Tranexamic Acid.
Ischemic stroke includes transient ischemic attack, cerebral thrombosis, and cerebral embolism. Transient ischemic attack is also called small stroke. The symptoms such as paralysis, numbness, aphasia may occur when transient ischemic attack onsets, but those symptoms can last only from several minutes to hours. Though they will not last more than 24 hours, the recurrence may occur.
The principle of cerebral infarction treatment is as follows: for those who are large area infarction, the dehydrant should be applied to clear the encephaledema; for those who are general infarction, platelet aggregation inhibitor, calcium antagonist and vasodilator should be considered to prevent the formation of new infarction and to strengthen the collateral circulation; for those who are after acute stage, it is advisable to start the nerve exercise as soon as possible, so as to decrease the disability rate.
The stroke treatments above will benefit when urgent, and for patients to get recovered.
Arcticle Source : http://bodycountry.com/stroke/2009/common-treatments-for-stroke.html
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